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THE EVALUATION OF GLOBAL WARMING’S EFFECTS ON SOIL TEMPERATURE OF TURKEY BY 3.5D GEOGRAPHYCAL INFORMATION SYSTEM MODELS
Abstract
In this study, global warming’s effects on soil temperature of Turkey was evaluated by analysis of the spatial and temporal variations of the soil temperature data with the help of 3.5D Geographical Information System (GIS) Models. Soil temperature data in 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 50 cm and 100 cm depths in 74 city centers since 1975 were used. These data were compared with 34 years mean temperature of each city and deviations were shown by using GIS on the map. It is determined that soil temperature values in Turkey have risen about +4 oC in all months since 1998 except November, December and January. In deeper soil parts, temperature changes are not evident in the models. Data of 5 cm depth soil temperature in the periods of February and November 1977, April 1989, March 2001, January, March, April, July and August 2008 show an upward trend up to 5 oC in whole country. Semi-arid lands of Turkey are quite susceptible to temperature increases. As a result of global warming, higher temperature and lower precipitation cause higher soil temperatures in the region and this trouble results with reduction in crop quantity and quality.
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