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SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY GOVERNANCE FOR URBAN MUNICIPALITIES IN LATVIA: REQUIREMENTS AND PRACTICE OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS APPROACH AND GOVERNANCE INSTRUMENTS
Abstract
Mobility, besides housing and food/drinks, is considered one of the main consumption clusters with high impact on environment that includes pollution (i.e. noise), energy consumption and climate changes. Sustainable mobility therefore should be the task high on the agenda for the municipal development governance and, especially, environmental governance, particularly, keeping sustainability principle - to have the ability of people to travel and supply goods in a way that balances environmental and socio-economic aspects and aims at the reducing of negative impacts on environment. The aim of this research is to study how the mobility is governed in sustainability understanding aspects in urban municipalities in Latvia. In the scope of this research private and public motorized transportation modes, as well as cycling and walking is studied, and special emphasis is put on the use of sustainable mobility governance instruments. The research also looks if and how the social-ecological systems approach is taken into account when governing transport sector at a municipal level. To reach the aim there are following studies done: the study on sustainable mobility planning and its integration into main municipal development planning documents as well as the study on the use of the governance instruments, including the from different stakeholder groups. The research allowed drawing conclusions on the urban sustainable mobility aspects in Latvia and providing suggestions on the necessary improvement directions. The research have been carried out employing case study research method allowing to provide integrative contextual analysis of the particular sustainable mobility subject in the chosen urban area including document analysis, semi-structured deep interviews with each stakeholder group representatives and observations.
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