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Direct Red 80 is a commercially produced azo dye commonly used in textile industry. It belongs to a significant group of textile dyes with high chemical stability and resistance to biodegradation. Microscopic fibrous fungi of the genus Aspergillus, as they were isolated from the sludge lagoon (a place significantly polluted by industrial organics), were utilized for biodegradation of the dye. Experiments on static cultivation took place for 10 and/or 20 days, and the results obtained showed the ability of all appl...

Metal-complex dyes form complex compounds with metal ions. In practice, these dyes shows very good level dyeing, have better penetration properties, can cover up for the irregularities in the substrates, are more resistant to washing processes, and are more stable to light. In molecules of metal complex dyes, pigments and inks, metals are bound that pose a serious risk to the environment in wastewater from textile and leather production. Despite the fact that today most EU countries have strict limits on the conte...