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In the Karacadag area (Central Anatolia, Turkiye), small volumes of mildly-alkaline lavas associated with large volumes of calcalkaline lavas crop out. 40Ar/39Ar age data indicate that the mildly-alkaline lavas were erupted during Early Miocene (ca. 18 Ma). The lavas are composed of alkali basalt, hawaiite, mugearite, benmoreite and trachydacite, and include olivine, ortho/clinopyroxene, amphibole, plagioclase, opaque and rare anorthoclase. The mildly-alkaline lavas have a sodic tendency (Na2O/K2O = 1.5-3.2) and r...

The research area is the Esenyurt village in the 15 km south of Sivas City and lies in the section of i37c1 of the scale of 1/25.000. The small mammals group extracted from Esenyurt locality has been taken from the clay stone layers. Rodentia fossils aged Pleistocene have been examined taxonomically and the combination of this fauna group has been interpreted biochronologically, paleobiologically and paleoechologically.