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This article looks at courtyard spaces in large scale housing estates as places to support social cohesion, by the same time promoting sustainable development. Being planned as multifunctional spaces, courtyards in large scale housing estates in Riga now face lack of activity, are overcrowded with cars and green areas are often described as monofunctional and in bad condition. In the city?s territory planning documents the land-use of courtyard spaces varies between green territories, residential development terri...

Policies supporting rice cultivation and investments in water infrastructures facilitated intensification and diversification of land-use in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Although the major changes are acknowledged in the literature, few studies have examined the dynamism of land-use across the delta. Overlaying land-use maps, we identified land-use dynamic by the number of changes observed during the 11-year study period. Land-use was found to be highly variable, changing by 14.94% annually between 2001 and 2012. ...