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The theme of the work aimed to present a model of drawing up and carrying out a drawing work for collective constructions in order to build a building with a ground floor + 1st floor + attic. This project has been approved by the City Hall of Timisoara, Romania. The purpose of the work was to identify and execute a topographic elevation, to draw and track the horizontality and verticality of the building for each level (ground floor, floor, attic). The work was completed with the preparation of a cadastral documen...

The paper aims to address what types of protection can be applied to galvanic elements and batteries that are used in potentially explosive atmospheres. In order to keep electrical equipment in operation in environments with potentially explosive atmospheres under harsh conditions, including galvanic elements and batteries, a certain type of protection must be applied for safe operation. The types of protection applied to galvanic elements and batteries are made in accordance with EN 60079-0 and in compliance with...

The development of indicator systems for drought identification is part of the Drought Management Plans. The analysis of the correlation between the different indices is an essential part of the indicator systems. That research is part of a task related to the developed at NIMH system (http://hydro.bg) of drought indicators and the development of recommendations for their simultaneous use. For this purpose, the influence of climatic factors on the hydrological cycle components and the role of the characteristics o...

Over the last 10 years, the amount of packaging waste in Latvia has increased by almost 40%. The statistical report on the types of packaging waste generated and recovery rates in the Republic of Latvia in 2018, in accordance with European Commission Decision 2005/270/EC, shows that the total amount of packaging waste was 257 350 tonnes in 2018, and plastic packaging made up 17%. Plastics are relatively light (comparing with wood or glass materials), it means that the volume of such waste is large and increasing e...

Road managers are obliged by law to regularly monitor the condition of road pavements as part of road inspections. Visual inspections provide basic information on the condition of the road and regular assessments are the basis for planning maintenance and repairs. These inspections are usually carried out from a dedicated car and recorded manually by an operator or done by special sophisticated and very costly devices with cameras and various sensors. Inspections are done in defined periods based on road class and...

The priorities identified by the EU-s and national strategies and the main target areas promoted by the legal regulations concerning this area are precision food production, investments and developments, and - in the area of ensuring the resources needed to achieve these - a more efficient production, the improvement of sustainability and food safety. To achieve these objectives, the European Union has identified the widespread introduction of precision technologies using digitization technology in the food indust...

The forest industry is an important sector of the economy of many countries, because the timber grown in it can be used for achieving various economic goals, including increasing added value and exports. However, the social functions of forestry: rural employment and the availability of forests, in the form of various ecosystem services, are also important to the public. Forests are home to various protected species, and forest biotopes, biotopes associated with forests as well as the biodiversity of forests play ...

In accordance with the latest trends, considerable emphasis is put on all mining companies in the Czech Republic not only on reducing the environmental impact of brown coal mining, but also on overall efficiency, the balance of which can be improved by increasing of the operational reliability of individual components of technological units and reducing operating costs. And it is the latter sphere, in that Vrsanska uhelna a.s. does considerable initiative. In cooperation with the firm RENOMAG s.r.o. and the Resear...

Magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) is a non-hydraulic binder produced in a more eco-efficient way than Portland cement and due to its favorable properties represents its promising alternative in the production of construction materials for specific applications. The specific advantage of MOC is the fact that it can accommodate organic as well as inorganic substances in the form of fillers, aggregates, additives, reinforcement, etc. which enables enriching properties and performance of the final composite material....

The studies presented in this paper, were aimed at testing, in order to extend the applicability of the methodology for approaching biomonitoring methods to new domains of activity by using bioindicators. The proposed and applied methodology aimed to add new complex studies, some of that not previously used, combining macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical analyses of selected and exposed bioindicators compared to control bioindicators maintained under standardized conditions in the climate chamber. The change o...

Psychosocial risks are defined by the International Labor Organization in terms of interactions between job content, work organization and management, and other environmental and organizational conditions, on one hand, and employee conditions, skills, and needs, on the other. Thus, psychosocial risks refer to those interactions that prove to have a dangerous influence on employees' health through their perceptions and experience. Long-term involvement in stressful work situations can lead to onset of burnout syndr...

The presence of nitrate concentration in drinking water can cause high toxicity to the human body, being considered among the most important pollutant in the environment. Among the many methods available such as biological treatment, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, adsorption, ion exchange, adsorption is the most used technique due to its low cost and simplistic design. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to study the retention of nitrate anion from high concentration aqueous solutions on a novel magnetic adsor...

Currently, one of the main problems in the extraction of useful minerals in term of environment is their transport in quarries. With the requirements to reduce the noise of the belt conveyor track, we were looking for a suitable solution to reduce it. So, we started thinking about attaching rollers made of a material other than steel. The final solution was to insert classic rollers in polyurethane beds called suspension cartridge - which are roller holders made of polyurethane and reinforced with a steel liner to...

The terminology of degraded areas is not uniform in Latvia and in the world at the moment - it is in the process of development and formulation. Some urban spatial plans also use the terms "abandoned sites" and "disordered sites". They are marked as territories where previous economic activity has been carried out, which is currently in force, but the involvement of these territories as functioning elements (especially - settlements) in the structure, their "return to life" is essential for the development of the ...

Recently, the echosounder systems in the Bulgarian Black Sea shelf have become a standard method of seabed exploration. The paper presents the present-day field activity of bathymetric research, which revised available hydrographic data for the seabed. The study aims to combine and update archival bathymetric data from contemporary multibeam echo-sounding scanning and archive single-beam data. This work presents activity in the second stage of Project -Multidisciplinary study of Burgas Bay - MidBay. (Composition o...

The status, abundance and diversity of soil microbial communities are one of the main basic indicators for the assessment and monitoring of forest ecosystems. In the context of the important role that microorganisms play in forest ecosystems, it is crucial to study and monitor their abundance in soil habitats. In order to supplement the knowledge about the soil microbial communities in the different soil horizons, we studied 16 soil profiles from the territory of Vitosha Nature Park. The soils from tested areas 1-...

Due to the rising demand of energy, in the last years is a growing interest to develop new equipment-s and to improve the existing, to produce as much as possible energy from renewable sources. Therefore, in this article are studied the effects of two shrouds geometries over the patterns of flow and over the velocity-s distributions. This study was performed experimentally in the laboratory using an experimental stand a with closed-circuit trough water was recirculated and a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system...

The industrial cultivation of American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) in Latvia was started during last 20 years with total plantings of more than 125 ha today. As a native wetland plant, commonly cranberries grows on poor, acid soils and are characterized as nutrients low requiring crop, however, balanced plant nutrition is vitally important to realize the full potential of cranberries as crop, to ensure adequate growth and yield production. Previous results obtained by authors from different cranberry p...

Species of macrofungi were collected from extremely polluted sampling spots in the vicinity of abandoned antimony mines in Slovakia. Concentrations of potentially toxic elements in plants and fungi were determined by ICP-MS and in soils and sediments by both ICP-MS and ICP-ES. Of the edible species the highest values of arsenic and cadmium were recorded in Agaricus arvensis, lead in Imleria badia and representatives of the genera Boletus, Leccinum and Suillus accumulated high levels of mercury. Suillus species als...

The development of sustainable ecosystem services worldwide is one of the priority issues in the context of environmental protection. Sustainable use of ecosystem services ensures the conservation of natural resources for future generations. In the cold climate of the lowland river, there is a highly seasonal hydrological regime affecting the use of ecosystem services. Biodiversity in flood meadows depends directly on seasonal variations in water levels. Balanced hydro generation and water regulation can pose risk...

The population and economy growth in the past years, and subsequently the increased demand for freshwater, led to an increased pressure on water resources. The quality of surface water is affected by anthropogenic factors, such as: domestic sewage, industrial activities, agricultural activities, recreational activities, land use change, urbanization. Therefore, the impact on surface water vulnerability is higher in large urban areas or in urban areas with intense touristic activities. The analysis of water vulnera...

The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a test designed to measure the bearing capacity of the subgrade during a construction of roads. It has also been used as a baring capacity test for unpaved aircraft runways and other transport areas. Nowadays, CBR is used as a proof and control test in evaluating the bearing capacity of subgrade and structural layers of roads. A distinction is made between the laboratory test and the in-situ test, which is nowadays no longer widely used. This is due to several reasons. It is p...

Halobacterium salinarum is an extremely halophilic marine Gram-negative obligate aerobic archaeon. Despite its name, this is not a bacterium, but rather a member of the domain Archaea, which lives in hypersaline lakes. Bacteriorhodopsin (BRh) is the red retinal-containing protein found in the cell membranes of H. salinarum and is considered a light-activated proton pump that transports protons across the plasma membrane. Bacteriorhodopsin photointermediates have been defined in kinetic and spectroscopic terms as B...

In recent years, the growing impact of flood events on society, economy and environment, has increased the need for early prevention and mitigation measures. The prediction of future flooding areas represents an important tool that can reduce the magnitude of consequences, by identifying and mapping the flood prone-areas. The intensity and extension of floods depends on various contributing parameters, such as hydrometeorological and geomorphological indicators, land use, anthropic activities. Therefore, by analys...

Sinorhizobium meliloti are agriculturally valuable species of soil bacteria that form nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with alfalfa plants. Global climate changes lead to an increase of agricultural areas subjected to salinity. Current knowledge about about high-salt stress impact on soil saprophitic root nodulated microsymbionts of legumes is weakly studied and rhizobia gene pool responsible for salt tolerance are fragment and far from clear. An increase of bacteria nonspecific resistance (immune status) to unfavorable ...

The increase in human population brings an increase in consumption, higher pressure in often limited space and growth of waste, particularly in communal environments. Out of the huge volume of communal waste, a portion is composed of biologically degradable and other waste, that could be recycled utilizing eco-friendly means - e.g. fungal activity. This includes plant waste from gardens, yards, parks, orchards and forests, or plant debris not utilized by other ecologically and economically useful means. In this co...

The study presents a developed instrumental and methodological complex designed to monitor changes in the state and development of dangerous processes in a natural and technogenic system, including the structural integrity of building structures and geodynamic processes in the soil rocks of their placement sites, including the activation of previously passive faults. The complex includes three orthogonal molecular-electronic linear displacement sensors and three orthogonal torsional vibration sensors which can sel...

In this study, a classical biotrickling filter (based on compost microorganisms) and an upgraded biotrickling filter (based on a mixture of compost microorganisms and microalgae Arthrospira platensis PCC 8005) are evaluated in terms of carbon dioxide production, during their use for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal from air. The experiments were performed using acetic acid vapors as model VOC and the biotrickling filter (BTF) performance was observed at different VOC concentrations, gas flowrates and pH v...

The paper presents an exergy analysis of a heat pump with a steam injection. Different refrigerants as R290, R152A and R1234yf are considered. Constructive schemes such as two-stage heat pumps or cascade couplings are known and used to reduce the temperature at the compressor discharge level, but the presence of two or more compressors increases the cost of the initial investment of the equipment. This paper presents the design of a steam injection heat pump that has the advantage of a simple construction and can ...

Theoretically, environmental management is still seen as a relatively young field that is rapidly evolving in search of ways to deal with natural threats and problems caused by human activities and related to the search for opportunities to provide and implement Sustainable Development. Environmental problems are intertwined with socioeconomic problems, especially in poor developing countries. In addition, environmental management faces a number of challenges in the modern world. Increasingly, countries will face ...

Current space activities are especially directed to explore the potential of Mars to have hosted life as well as directed to find future exploration odds of Mars by human beings. In this context scientific advance and newest technology infrastructure, NEXT GEN TECH, is nowadays used and applied on Mars. Current NASA mission can be mentioned, which represents a newly planned exploration of Mars having the goal to succeed in providing scientific information with the support of several rovers. Sent rovers to Mars mus...

The main role of ventilation systems and especially air conditioning systems is to create indoor conditions and air quality inside the rooms that are independent of external atmospheric influences. The sizing of ventilation systems and especially of air conditioning systems is done, in most cases, by considering the climatic elements as a basis for calculation. The real limit to air quality insurance it consists in maintaining in the air certain concentrations of harmful substances which do not endanger human heal...

The research, which is carried out in cooperation with the Technical University of Liberec, the Klokner Institute of the Czech Technical University in Prague and the company Cervenka Consulting s.r.o., deals with the use of 3D printing of cement composites in architecture and construction. The research develops original equipment for 3D printing of mixtures with cement-based binders, including the original design of printing mixtures and original software for printing data processing and machine control. The ambit...

The paper presents the complex pedological framework where the high-precision sensors from the meteorological stations are tested in order to remotely transmit the soil parameters with express reference to the NPK content and the water content of the soil. In the context of climate change, the interest in continuous, "in situ" knowledge of soil moisture and macroelement content is high because soil properties are correlated with the mathematical simulation of how crops are formed on agricultural plots. While regio...

Used the specialized software solution regarding to the thermochemical facilities, we can predict detonation (e.g. detonation velocity, pressure, energy, heat end temperature, etc.) and combustion (e.g. specific impulse, force, pressure, etc.) performance of energetic materials. The calculation of detonation parameters is based on the chemical equilibrium steady-state model of detonation. The equilibrium composition of detonation and combustion products is calculated by applying modified White, Johnson, and Dantzi...

The paper deals with the possibility of obtaining zinc and iron from waste galvanic sludge, which arises during galvanic plating. Galvanic sludges, which contain more significant amounts of heavy metals, form wastes that are suitable for recycling. These arise during the treatment of wastewater from the operation of the electroplating plant. It is a mixture of metal hydroxides, mainly iron, zinc, chromium, and others. The sludge is sedimented in the reaction wells and, after sedimentation, is pumped into the sludg...

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) began being constructed many decades ago. Recently - in line with technological developments - there has also been a progression of its expansion, both among the lay public and its dynamic integration within the security services. One of the desired functionalities of the drones is the continuous measurement of air pollution at the scene of a fire. This paper deals with the question of whether drones, due to the rotation of their rotors, do not affect the values of air pollution, the...

The basis of the natural resource base of the resort and recreational sphere is made up of natural healing resources (mineral waters, mud, brine of lakes and estuaries). In the context of the introduction of the concept of sustainable development, special attention is paid to the assessment of natural conditions and resources, systematization and monitoring of data on natural healing resources of the country. The State Cadastre of natural healing resources is being developed to systematize data, knowledge and info...

In order to protect the structural steel sheet from the impact of the blast wave, the steel sheet was covered with a composite material consisting of aramid fabrics with a surface density of 200 g/m2 (3 layers) and 350 g/m2 (3 layers). The total thickness of these layers was 2.4 mm. Turkish produced BRE 450 polyester resin was used to connect the layers. The composite was coated on top with the same resin filled with crumb rubber 1.5 mm in size. The thickness of this coating is 2.2 mm. The protective agent thus ob...

The problem of academic perfectionism in teaching technical English at a higher education institution stems from a number of external and internal factors - the current educational targets set by managing social groups and student ambitions. The research methods included the analysis of objectives, contents and teaching methods intended for the first and second year bachelor degree students. The findings show that the target competence, being focused on the technical English, also incorporates the ability to solve...

The storage of explosives and pyrotechnic articles must be carried out in complete safety conditions and only in storage facilities (depots) arranged and authorized for this purpose. The legislation in force has strict provisions on the rules of explosive & pyrotechnics storage, handling and access in the storage facilities. Failure to comply with certain provisions of the law in the product safety data sheet prepared by the manufacturer may lead to the generation of hazardous situations which may result in very s...

The inhabitants produce the sump waters and accumulate temporarily in the sumps. This is sewage that must be treated before it is discharged to surface waters. Slovak legislation does not allow the discharge of such waters into the soil. The possibilities of sump water treatment are given by the water management equipment of the given locality where sewage water is produced. The most common treatment method is transported at municipal wastewater treatment plants, which are, however, largely congested. In many case...

The current information age has led, globally, to an exponential increase regarding the availability and the use of the information, both structured and unstructured, a phenomenon known as Big Data. The term Big Data refers not only to the massive volume and variety of data itself, but also to the set of technologies that surround it, in order to collect, store, retrieve, manage, process and analyze data in order to solve complex problems in society, respectively for increasing the quality of life in all its aspec...

BIM (Building Information Modeling) allows the use of a virtual building model throughout the whole life cycle of the building. It is a parametric object-oriented 3D data model of a building, which contains information about structures, elements, and their parameters. The combination of the BIM model with detailed data on the as-built geometry of the building enables an effective geometry check of the structural elements, which leads to in-time intervention in the building process if needed. The requirement of eff...

A thematic map contains a spatial database that allows the user to add new information to that database. The ability to combine a variety of datasets in a variety of ways makes any GIS a useful tool for almost any field of knowledge. From routinely performing work-related tasks to scientifically exploring the complexity of our world, GIS offers people the geographic advantage of becoming more productive, more aware, and more receptive to the planet Earth. A GIS can be defined as a system designed to capture, store...

The objective of this paper is the morphological characterization as well as the establishment of soil quality classes in the commune of Dubova, Mehedinti County, Romania. Soil is a primary component for plant production, although it is often considered only as a physical support for plant growth. However, the concerns of mankind over the sustainability of agriculture have made it possible to consider that soil is a living, high-quality system and should, therefore, be preserved. This is the result of several inte...

As part of the studies aimed at the individuation of the best techniques for the beneficiation of a mineral of wollastonite, coming from an Italian deposit, the problem of the optimization of the milling step was also considered, since the industrial use of wollastonite usually involves a preventive fine grinding. Therefore, in order to evaluate the grindability characteristics of this mineral, in consideration of the lack of data available in literature, we proceeded to the determination of its Bond index through...

The registration and analysis of seismic signals generated by different types of machines and vehicles are areas that, thanks to modern technological capabilities, create an opportunity to study various aspects of environmental behavior and generate timedepending loading function for civil engineering analysis. These analyses can be used in various areas of engineering research - on the one hand as a means of identifying the actuator (vehicle) and assessing its operating mode, and on the other hand - as a means of...

Due to the population increasing in urban settlements, the use of the territory and the surface variability of urban settlements are changing rapidly. The development of areas covered with impervious materials contributes to accelerating the runoff process, intensifying surface runoff concentration and the concentration of surface runoff pollution. Surface runoff from urban catchments can be characterized as the primary source of the receiving water's pollution during torrential rains. The aim of the paper is to o...

The novel lightweight repair mortar was designed and tested in respect to its resistance against salt crystallization and salinization. Natural hydraulic lime was used as the only binder, and the expanded glass granules were applied as lightweight aggregate. As reference, control mortar with silica sand aggregate was examined as well. The performed tests and analyses were aimed at the assessment of the structural, mechanical, hygric, and thermal properties of the 28-days and 90-days hardened mortars. Specific atte...