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Haloxylon aphyllum Minkw. (Black Saxaul) is the main brush-forest-forming species in Kazakhstan. While the latter is a rain-fed shrub principally distributed on sand dunes, the former is a phreatophyte, which uses groundwater as water source. Accordingly, Black Saxaul is mainly distributed on the current and ancient alluvial river terraces. Saxaul played and still plays an important role as fodder plant and fuel wood for herders. The Black Saxaul (Haloxylon aphyllum Minkw.) is the principal arboreal taxon of the c...