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Global warming is a dangerous phenomenon caused by anthropogenic environmental pollution. Renewable energy sources (RES) contribute to minimizing CO2 emissions. At the 26th meeting of the conference of the Parties (COP26), goals to reduce net emissions were set as soon as possible. At the same time, the European Commission has set the goal of achieving zero net emissions by 2050. Thermal transformation of conventional energy carriers causes the depletion of natural resources, the formation of secondary waste, and ...