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Groundwater constitutes the largest reservoir of freshwater in the world, representing more than 97% of all freshwater reserves available worldwide (excluding glaciers and ice caps). The remaining 3% is composed mainly of surface water (lakes, rivers, wetlands) and soil moisture. Until recently, attention for groundwater referred mainly to its use as drinking water (eg approx. 75% of people in the European Union depend on groundwater for water supply), but also it was recognized that they are an important resource...