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Increasing the share of renewable energy sources for the generation of electricity in the public electricity network can have an important impact on the performance of the electricity system. An important problem in the electric power system is ensuring the continuity of the supply. The aim of the paper is to present a way to complement energy demand management and smart grids with models that follow changing energy production. This can be achieved by a holistic management system for diagnosis and risk assessment ...

Radiation technologies using ionising radiation and radionuclides are now widely used in all areas of human activity. These include applications in medicine, industry, nuclear energy, and science. Exposure to ionising radiation therefore affects radiation workers employed at these sites, a large group of people who are in the vicinity of the sites in the course of their work, and people who live and work in the vicinity of the sites. However, the positive properties of ionising radiation and radionuclides that we ...

At the Azgir nuclear test site in Western Kazakhstan 17 nuclear explosions were carried out at a depth of 165 to 1500 m, as well as ground explosions. Nine underground cavities with a total volume of about 1.2 million m3 with extremely high residual radioactivity were formed in the thickness of the rock salt layers. Five of the nine cavities are filled with groundwater and strontium, cesium and plutonium radionuclides are leaking into the environment, and radionuclides spread through food chains. A medical examina...

The levels of specific activity of 90Sr and 137Cs in fish of one of the most polluted reservoirs of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (ChEZ) - Vershyna Lake. During the research period from 2011 to 2021 for all studied fish of the lake. The peak ranges of the specific activity of radionuclides are noted at the level of 32960-213300 (average value 67832-22936) Bq/kg for 90Sr and 838-25907 (4811-569) Bq/kg for 137Cs. It is shown that at the current stage, the specific activity of 90Sr in the ichthyofauna of the lake exce...

The main features of the measurement of the trace amount of 90Sr using ICP-MS inecology and nuclear forensics were established. Among them are sample-specific matrixeffects which may enhance or suppress the analyte signal, spectroscopic interferences,poly-ions formation, isobaric interferences, and reagent contaminations. Proposedsolutions to these problems: external and internal calibration of mass-spectrometer, precleaning and pre-treatment of the adsorbents and reagents, as well as selective removingisobar inte...

Nowadays, the best solution of radioactive waste management seems to be its deposition in deep repositories. However, construction of these repositories brings new issue for civil engineers. The most important one is elimination or inhabitation of radionuclide release in the environment. Therefore, new kinds of building materials have to be developed. This article is focused on improvement of the most utilized and the most common material -concrete. The main idea of this study was to improved radionuclides sorptio...

Considered here is the problem of cooling water-cooled reactors in an emergency, including in emergencies involving a blackout. This problem has become particularly important after the events that occurred at the Japanese nuclear power plant, пїЅFukushima-1.пїЅ Here we present a new emergency reactor-cooling system developed at the Department of Energy Problems at the Saratov Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences. We propose a new way to provide redundant, auxiliary power for nuclear power plants (NPPs) t...

Experience of radiological contamination of land, especially after the Chernobyl and Fukushima disasters has shown the need to explore possible ways of capturing radionuclides in the area affected and adapting the landscape management to this purpose ex-ante the considered accident in terms of prevention. The project "Minimizing the impact of radiation contamination on land in the emergency zone of TemelпїЅn NPP" (2012-2015), dealt with the possibility of utilization of wetlands as retention sites for water carryi...

Knowledge of emitted neutron spectra is crucial to determination of degradation rate of materials or biological shielding designing. Therefore the paper focuses on the neutron spectra measurement using passive activation detectors made from indium and special spectral filters. A neutron radionuclide source made of mixture americium and beryllium was used for irradiation. The irradiation was carried out on the special stand SVICKA that allow generating different spectra in various irradiation channels. The spectral...

Starting from the recently proposed hypothesis [1] on the Moon formation from the ejection of terrestrial mantle material in a heat-propelled jet, triggered by a run-away natural georeactor at Earth’s core-mantle boundary, we estimate the energy losses in the Earth-Moon system, develop dynamics of this process and compare produced value of the heat with known estimations for heat produced by heavy radionuclides fusion in the Earth body. We conclude that the values of heat produced in these two processes are comp...

It is estimated that useful life of world’s well known petroleum reserves will last 40 years, natural gas will last 61 years and coal reserves will be exhausted in 227 years. Decrease in fossile fuel reserves due to fast consuming and environmental damages due to increasing environmental pollution makes it necessary to orient towards new and renewable energy resources. Natural thorium comprising blend of completely radioactive isotopes was first discovered by Berzelius in 1828 and its radioactivity was revealed ...