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This study presents a comparative analysis of three methodologies for deriving intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relationships of rainfall in Bulgaria: (i) the method embedded in the current regulation for sewerage system design, (ii) the methodology used for estimating maximum river discharge, and (iii) a recently proposed regionalization approach with site-specific IDF curves. The objective is to evaluate their accuracy and applicability under contemporary climatic conditions, with a focus on urban drainage...

The “Vacha” Regional Water Supply System represents a large-scale hydraulic infrastructure project designed to ensure long-term, climate-resilient drinking water supply for the city of Plovdiv and 28 surrounding settlements, with a planning horizon to 2070. The system is based on regulated surface water abstraction from the Dospat–Vacha cascade and integrates hydrological, hydraulic, and energy analyses to optimize resource utilization under changing climatic conditions. The study draws upon primary technica...