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Explosions caused by accidents or deliberate actions can seriously damage the structural/non-structural elements of a building and endanger the life of occupants. If the explosion occurs at a short distance, structural elements in close proximity may be seriously damaged or even completely removed. Under certain conditions, these local damages spread into the structure and can generate generalized collapse (also called progressive collapse). Progressive collapse, which in many cases causes more victims than the ov...

?Pyrotechnic article? are products that contain explosive substances or an explosive mixture of substances designed to produce heat, sound, light, gas or smoke or a combination of such effects. Depending on the purpose for which they were made, pyrotechnic articles are used for entertainment purposes (fireworks), for the stage including film or television productions as well as for technical purposes. Due to the constituent substances, the pyrotechnic articles have a low or high risk level depending on the type an...