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In general, there is no natural soil surface that would not be threatened by water erosion. However, a number of methods that estimate the erosive soil risk incorrectly exclude forests and flat agricultural land from the category of areas vulnerable to water erosion. Forests are known for their soil protection functions, when a dense tree canopy interrupts precipitation and decreases the kinetic energy of water drops falling on the soil surface. Moreover, the top organic soil layer in forests has a very good infil...

The generation and occurrence of surface runoff from a slope is driven by many factors, such as the slope gradient, the physical properties and current state of the soil, the type and density of the vegetation cover, and the intensity and duration of rainfall events. Within the study experiments with a rainfall simulator were focused on an analysis of the impact of a changing slope gradient on the generation of surface runoff and the amount of eroded soil material. The experiments were conducted in laboratory cond...