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Constructed wetlands provide a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable approach to wastewater treatment; however, their efficiency in phosphorus removal often remains insufficient to meet current discharge standards. Chemical precipitation using aluminium-based coagulants has been proposed as a promising solution. In this study, laboratory-scale columns were constructed to simulate French and Austrian types of constructed wetlands and operated in two experimental phases. During the first phase, wastewater w...

This study investigates the influence of meteorological variables on evapotranspiration (ET) using a novel lysimeter design. ET was measured with three specially constructed lysimeters made from water containers equipped with geotextile bags filled with sand and colonized by grass cover (Red fescue and Perennial ryegrass). The use of geotextile lysimeters provides a simple and robust tool for ET quantification under outdoor conditions and also reflects the structural principle of evaporation beds (ET-beds), used f...

The sludge layer formed during the first stage of French vertical flow constructed wetlands is a crucial component in achieving high removal efficiencies of water pollution, including suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and phosphorus. In the Czech Republic, persistent challenges with insufficient sludge layer development on the first stage have limited treatment performance due to the combined sewerage system. To address this, a pilot-scale experiment was conducted focusing exclusively on the form...