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Accurate, real-time characterization of drilling fluid rheological properties, such as plastic viscosity, yield stress, and gel strength, is vital for optimizing oil and gas drilling operations and advancing sustainable exploration. This study assesses advanced sensor technologies - ultrasonic sensors, inline viscometers, optical flow analyzers, and microfluidic sensors-for automated, real-time measurement of these properties in water-based, oil-based, and synthetic-based muds. Experiments utilized a closed-loop f...