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Title: BULGARIAN CASE STUDIES IN IMPROVING URBAN AIR QUALITY
BULGARIAN CASE STUDIES IN IMPROVING URBAN AIR QUALITY

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Kliment Naydenov
10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s19.37
10.5593/sgem2022/4.1
1314-2704
978-619-7603-44-6
English
22
4.1
•    Prof. DSc. Oleksandr Trofymchuk, UKRAINE 
•    Prof. Dr. hab. oec. Baiba Rivza, LATVIA
Air Pollution and Climate Change
Air pollution is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality. The fact that more cities are now improving their air quality control system is good news, so when they take action to improve air quality, they set a goal accordingly. As air quality declines, the risk of stroke, heart disease, lung cancer and chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including asthma, increases in people who live in these cities. Ambient air pollution, which contains high concentrations of fine and fine particles, poses the highest environmental health risk, causing three million premature deaths worldwide each year. At the same time, people's awareness is rising, and air quality monitoring is being carried out in more cities. As air quality improves, global prevalence of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases is declining.” Most sources of urban outdoor air pollution are wholly beyond the control of individuals, suggesting the need for action at the city level and by national and international policy makers to promote cleaner modes of transport, more efficient energy production and appropriate waste management. More than half of controlled cities located in high-income countries, and more than one-third of cities located in low- and middle-income countries reduced their air pollution levels by more than 5% within five years. The set of affordable and accessible policies includes measures such as reducing emissions from industrial chimneys, increasing the use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind, and prioritizing the development of rapid transit systems, increasing walking and developing bike path networks.
Air quality in Bulgaria raises serious concerns: measurements show that citizens across the country breathe air that is assessed as harmful to health. For example, the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 is much higher than the values prescribed by the European Union and the World Health Organization (WHO) for health protection. The concentrations of PM2.5 in the urban areas of Bulgaria were the highest of all 28 EU member states as average values for a three-year period. For PM10, Bulgaria also leads among the countries with the highest pollution with an average daily concentration of 77 µg / m3 (the EU limit value is 50 µg / m3). According to the World Health Organization, 60% of the urban population of Bulgaria is exposed to dangerous (unhealthy) levels of dust particles (PM10).
Air pollution in the Republic of Bulgaria is a significant and difficult to solve environmental problem related to physiographic, social, economic and anthropological factors. Bringing the air quality in the country in line with the norms and goals set in Directive 2008/50 / EC, although difficult, is achievable. For the last 10 years our country has made significant progress in terms of controlled pollutants.
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[3] Khaustov A., Redina M., Silaeva P., Kenzhin Zh., Mamadzhanov, R.THEORETICAL BASICS OF THE AIR QUALITY MONITORING FOR URBAN AREAS: THERMODYNAMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION, 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2019, Volume: 19, Book number: 4.2, Pages: 319-324, ISBN: 978-619-7408-98-0, ISSN: 1314-2704, DOI: 10.5593/sgem2019V/4.2/S06.043
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[7] National Program for improving the quality of atmospheric air (2018 – 2024)
[8] LIFE IPE/BG/000012 - LIFE IP CLEAN AIR - "Bulgarian municipalities work together to improve air quality"
[9] Project "Effective use of new technologies for clean atmospheric air" (AIRTHINGS), financed under the Program "Balkans - Mediterranean Sea" (2014 - 2020)
[10] BG16М1ОР002-5.003 "MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF PLOVDIV BY REDUCING THE EMISSIONS OF FPCH10 FROM DOMESTIC HEATING".
[11] Project BG16M1OP002-5.005-0001 "Development of a program for the ambient air quality of the Municipality of Ruse for the period 2021-2026", financed under the Operational Program "Environment 2014-2020".
[12] Movchan, V.; Zubkova, P., ABOUT THE PROBLEMS OF REGULATION OF AIR QUALITY, 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2018, Volume: 18, Book number: 5.1, Pages: 19-26, ISBN: 978-619-7408-46-1, ISSN: 1314- 2704, DOI: 10.5593/sgem2018/5.1/S20.003
[13] Baklanov A. at all. Meteorological and Air Quality Models for Urban Areas, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-642-00297-7, e-ISBN 978-3-642- 00298-4, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-00298-4
conference
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s19.37
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Proceedings of 22nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2022
22nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2022, 04 - 10 July, 2022
Proceedings Paper
STEF92 Technology
International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM
SWS Scholarly Society; Acad Sci Czech Republ; Latvian Acad Sci; Polish Acad Sci; Serbian Acad Sci and Arts; Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Natl Acad Sci Armenia; Sci Council Japan; European Acad Sci, Arts and Letters; Acad Fine Arts Zagreb Croatia; Croatian Acad Sci and Arts; Acad Sci Moldova; Montenegrin Acad Sci and Arts; Georgian Acad Sci; Acad Fine Arts and Design Bratislava; Turkish Acad Sci.
287-294
04 - 10 July, 2022
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Air pollution, Urban Air Quality, mortality, urban population