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Title: COMPOSTING OF BIOSOLIDS IN ROMANIA – A CASE STUDY
COMPOSTING OF BIOSOLIDS IN ROMANIA – A CASE STUDY

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Diana Mariana Cocar?a; Cristina (Soricu) Feodorov; Irina Pasvantu; Anca Cristina Gogoncea
10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.015
10.5593/sgem2022/5.1
1314-2704
978-619-7603-46-0
English
22
5.1
•    Prof. DSc. Oleksandr Trofymchuk, UKRAINE 
•    Prof. Dr. hab. oec. Baiba Rivza, LATVIA
Ecology and Environmental Protection
Globally, the environment is the result of the interdependence between natural elements - water, air, soil, living things, and elements from human activity. Environmental pollution can be generally defined as the negative result of the domestic or industrial activity of any living thing that generates pollutants in the atmosphere or waste that reaches the ground or water. Numerous causes of pollution have made environmental protection one of the most important and essential problems in the world, pollution, and lack of protection measures affect people's quality of life. In this regard, the National Waste Management Strategy has been developed in Romania in 2019. This proposes a framework of measures to ensure the transition from the current development model based on production and consumption to a model based on the prevention of waste generation and the use of raw materials in industry, recovery, and recycling, thus ensuring the preservation of national natural resources. In this context, the current paper illustrates the achieved results from the experimental activities carried out using a closed composting system, that is a mobile one. The input materials in the composting process were sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (26%), market waste (vegetables and fruits - 18%), and wood chips (56%). The results showed that, for the analyzed heavy metals, the concentrations in compost do not exceed the limit values for the second category of compost according to the Romanian regulation in force (Law 181/2020 - on the management of non-hazardous compostable waste). Consequently, the obtained compost from a mixture of sludge from the wastewater treatment plant, waste from the market (vegetables-fruits), and wood chips can be used on agricultural land.
[1] Directive 2008/98/EC, consolidated Directive as amended and supplemented, including the Directive 2018/851/CE that amends and completes Directive 2008/98/EC
[2] Regulation (UE) 2019/1009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 laying down rules on the making available on the market of EU fertilizing products and amending Regulations (EC) No 1069/2009 and (EC) No 1107/2009 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 2003/2003
[3] Law 181/2020 on the management of compostable non-hazardous waste, the Romanian Ministry of Environment, Waters and Forests, August 2020
[4] National Strategy of Waste Management (SNGD) 2014-2020 adopted by Government Decision no. 870/2013.
[5] Law No. 211/2011 from 15 November 2011, regarding the regime of waste and all the additions and technical notes
[6] National Plan of Waste Management in Romania, 20th of December 2017
[7] Cojocaru, A.C., Cocarta, D.M., Istrate I.A., Cretescu, I., Graphical methodology of global pollution index for the environmental impact assessment using two environmental components, Sustainability 2017, 9(4), 593; EISSN 2071-1050 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland
[8] Lacatusu, A.R. Cocarta, D.M., Lacatusu R, Ex-situ bioremediation efficiency in removing organic and inorganic compounds from artificially and anthropogenic contaminated soils, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences 8 (1), pp.59- 70, Feb 2013.
[9] Bulmau, C., Neam?u, S., Cocarta, D.M., Istrate, I.A., Badea, A.A., Efficiency of PAHs removal from soils contaminated with petroleum products using ex-situ thermal treatments, Rev. Chim. (Bucharest), 64, pp. 1430 - 1435, no. 12, December 2013, ISSN 0034-7752.
[10] Nenciu, F., Paraschiv, M., Kuncser, R., Stan, C., Cocarta, D., Vladut, V.N., HighGrade Chemicals and Biofuels Produced from Marginal Lands Using an Integrated Approach of Alcoholic Fermentation and Pyrolysis of Sweet Sorghum Biomass Residues. Sustainability 2022, 14, 402
[11] Nenciu, F., Stanciulescu, I., Vlad, H., Gabur, A., Turcu, O.L., Apostol, T., Vladut, V.N., Cocarta, D.M., Stan, C., Decentralized Processing Performance of Fruit and Vegetable Waste Discarded from Retail, Using an Automated Thermophilic Composting Technology. Sustainability 2022, 14, 2835
[12] Nenciu, F., Vladut, V., Studies on the perspectives of replacing the classic energy plants with Jerusalem artichoke and Sweet Sorghum, analyzing the impact on the conservation of ecosystems. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 2020, 635, 012002
[13] Feodorov, C., Murariu A., A case study for sludge treatment (2016) Circular Economy application in the water sector Conference, Bucharest
[14] Feodorov, C., Compost Caravan – new concepts in organic waste treatment in Romania (2021) Construction Magazine Bucharest 184 (9), p 12-13
[15] Feodorov, C., Compost Report (2021) Waste Management Magazine Bucharest 79 (9), pp 36-39
This work was supported under PROVED project ID P_40_301, SMISCSNR: 105707, ctr. 78/08.09.2016, partially by the Erasmus+ Programme, SafeEngine project, contract no 2020-1-RO01-KA203-080085, and SIMECPOP project financed by the Academy of Romanian Scientists.
conference
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.015
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Proceedings of 22nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2022
22nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2022, 04 - 10 July, 2022
Proceedings Paper
STEF92 Technology
International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM
SWS Scholarly Society; Acad Sci Czech Republ; Latvian Acad Sci; Polish Acad Sci; Serbian Acad Sci and Arts; Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Natl Acad Sci Armenia; Sci Council Japan; European Acad Sci, Arts and Letters; Acad Fine Arts Zagreb Croatia; Croatian Acad Sci and Arts; Acad Sci Moldova; Montenegrin Acad Sci and Arts; Georgian Acad Sci; Acad Fine Arts and Design Bratislava; Turkish Acad Sci.
107-118
04 - 10 July, 2022
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compost, waste management, sewage sludge, semipermeable membrane, biowaste