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Title: THE LIMESTONES FROM THE WALLS OF SEVERAL DOBROGEAN FORTRESSES AND THEIR POSSIBLE EXTRACTION AREA
THE LIMESTONES FROM THE WALLS OF SEVERAL DOBROGEAN FORTRESSES AND THEIR POSSIBLE EXTRACTION AREA

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O. Livanov; A. Banescu; M. Simionov; P. Pindic; M. Tudor
10.5593/sgem2023/1.1/s01.21
10.5593/sgem2023/1.1
1314-2704
978-619-7603-56-9
English
23
1
•    Prof. DSc. Oleksandr Trofymchuk, UKRAINE 
•    Prof. Dr. hab. oec. Baiba Rivza, LATVIA
Geology
From a geological point of view, Dobrogea presents a wide variety of rocks specific to all three major petrological categories. Plutonic magmatic rocks are found especially in the Macin Mountains, in the form of granites or granodiorites, rarely diorites. Basaltic volcanic igneous rocks are mainly found in the Niculi?el Hills. Metamorphic rocks outcrop in the South of Tulcea County as Micaschists, on the border with Constan?a County, in the well-known Altan-Tepe mining area, but also isolated, to the Southwest of the city of Tulcea or in the Macin Mountains. Greenschist is another metamorphic rock that outcrops over large areas in central Dobrogea. But the most common are the sedimentary rocks, which are found all over Dobrogea in the form of Pleistocene loess deposits, Jurassic, Triassic or Cretaceous limestones, and Triassic or Jurassic sandstones. The abundance of rock deposits encouraged the native population to use them for various purposes, from building fortresses to using them as tombstones or as decorative objects. Limestone, a very widespread rock, was highly valued by the natives because of its medium hardness, but malleable enough to be processed.
In the present study, we analyzed the presence of calcareous rocks found in the walls of some fortresses in the North (Noviodunum, Aegyssus, Halmyris) and the Center (Ibida, Argamum, Enisala, Carsium) of Dobrogea and we tried to identify their geological distribution on a regional level.
The identification of the calcareous lithic material in the composition of the walls is quite simple and relies on visual analysis as the main method followed by the spilling of a few drops of HCl solution (10% concentration) over the stone to confirm the presence of CaCO3. Next, the source area of the limestone is determined by analyzing the geological studies, followed by a quick field campaign in the area where the rock outcrops. After examining the results, it can be concluded that calcareous rocks are present in all studied fortresses in different ratios. Also, in all fortresses, most of the limestone originates from the nearby area but this fact cannot be archaeologically confirmed because nowadays, the traces of ancient or medieval exploitations are not always sighted. So, based on this simple petrological study, we can assess many logistical aspects of past civilizations.
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conference
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/1.1/s01.21
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Proceedings of 23rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2023
23rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2023, 03 - 09 July, 2023
Proceedings Paper
STEF92 Technology
International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference-SGEM
SWS Scholarly Society; Acad Sci Czech Republ; Latvian Acad Sci; Polish Acad Sci; Russian Acad Sci; Serbian Acad Sci and Arts; Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Natl Acad Sci Armenia; Sci Council Japan; European Acad Sci, Arts and Letters; Acad Fine Arts Zagreb Croatia; Croatian Acad Sci and Arts; Acad Sci Moldova; Montenegrin Acad Sci and Arts; Georgian Acad Sci; Acad Fine Arts and Design Bratislava; Russian Acad Arts; Turkish Acad Sci.
173-180
03 - 09 July, 2023
website
9010
limestone, Dobrogea, fortress, petrology