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Title: ROMANIAN COAL AND THE ENERGY TRILEMA
ROMANIAN COAL AND THE ENERGY TRILEMA

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Cristian Tomescu; Doru Cioclea; Marius Morar; Sorina Stanila; Alexandru Camarasescu
10.5593/sgem2023/1.1/s03.50
10.5593/sgem2023/1.1
1314-2704
978-619-7603-56-9
English
23
1
•    Prof. DSc. Oleksandr Trofymchuk, UKRAINE 
•    Prof. Dr. hab. oec. Baiba Rivza, LATVIA
Exploration and Mining
Multiple crises in recent years, including the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the global energy crisis, the climate crisis, the decarbonization of the energy mix, the European Green Pact, the energy transition, the conflict in Ukraine, and the energy trilemma, have created the conditions for a new energy revolution.
If the listed influencing factors, the sanctions imposed on Russian oil and gas as well as the confrontation with the components of the trilemma, energy security, minimal impact on the environment and access to commercial energy for all are taken into account, ambitious commitments and programs to gradually eliminate fossil fuels (coal) from the energy equation and to replace suppliers of this type of fuels with suppliers of "clean fuels" will not be met by the established deadlines.
The economic and technical obstacles that must be surmounted to assure energy efficiency, energy independence, and sustainability impose a cost on the final consumers (domestic and industrial), who are constrained by certain affordability limits.
Can Romanian coal still be regarded a safety element for the national energy system under these circumstances? Although today's fossil fuel resources will sustain the Romanian economy at the present rate of extraction for another century, can they be adapted to meet environmental standards so that the cost of a kilowatt-hour of energy is affordable for all? Can the decarbonization of the energy sector be delayed in the current international context so as to minimize the risk of "energy poverty" among consumers and not increase Romania's electricity import?
The focus of the current research is on an analysis of the extractive industry's current state in respect to energy trends supported by the World Energy Council (WEC).
[1] M.E.I.P. (Ministry of European Investments and Projects), National Recovery and Resilience Plan, https://mfe.gov.ro/pnrr/greentransition
[2] Word energy Council CNR-CMR weekly news, Word energy Trilemma index 2022, #46-21.11. 2022, Pdf, Annex A, p.33
[3] S.E.N. (The National Energy System), NES status in real time, http://www.sistemul energetic.ro, [Accessed 25.05.2023]
[4] G. Gaman, N. Ilias, E. Ghicioi, The 15th edition of FOREN, organized by WEC/RNC will be held online, FOREN 2020, Technical, economic and social risks encountered in the mine closure activity in the Jiu Valley, (Bucuresti-Romania, 2020)
[5] C. Tomescu, E. Chiuzan, D. Cioclea, N. Ianc, C. Boanta, 20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference SGEM 2020, Exploration and Mining, Reducing the coal operating capacities in Romania in the context of national energy self-sufficiency and safety insurance, (Albena, Bulgaria, 2020)
[6] N.I.S. (National Institute of Statistics), The field of energy Primary energy resources in the period 1.I-31.III. 2023, http://www.insse.ro/ cms/ro/press-release-view
[7] The Government of Romania, Emergency Ordinance/On some measures to decarbonise the energy sector – no.108 /30.06.2022/ Pdf, http://www. gov.ro/ (in Romanian),
[8] C. Tomescu, I. Gherghe, F. Radoi, A. Matei, A.Camarasescu, 22nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference SGEM 2022, Exploration and Mining Romanian coal between decarbonization programs, exploitation closure and energy crisis, (Albena, Bulgaria, 2022)
[9] O.E.C. (Oltenia Energy Complex), Revised restructuring plan of the Oltenia Energy Complex 2021-2026 with a perspective to 2030 approved by the European Commission by Decision C (2022) 553 final of 26.01.2022, https://www.ceoltenia.ro/
[10] OMV Petrom, IMPACT, Petrom employees Magazine, Partnership for green energy, (nr.4/2022), p.6-7
This work was carried out through the NUCLEU Program within the National Research Development and Innovation Plan 2022-2027, carried out with the support of MCID, project no. PN 23 32 02 03 - The superior valorisation for energy purposes of coal deposits under the conditions imposed by environmental strategies (VSMET).
conference
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/1.1/s03.50
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Proceedings of 23rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2023
23rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2023, 03 - 09 July, 2023
Proceedings Paper
STEF92 Technology
International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference-SGEM
SWS Scholarly Society; Acad Sci Czech Republ; Latvian Acad Sci; Polish Acad Sci; Russian Acad Sci; Serbian Acad Sci and Arts; Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Natl Acad Sci Armenia; Sci Council Japan; European Acad Sci, Arts and Letters; Acad Fine Arts Zagreb Croatia; Croatian Acad Sci and Arts; Acad Sci Moldova; Montenegrin Acad Sci and Arts; Georgian Acad Sci; Acad Fine Arts and Design Bratislava; Russian Acad Arts; Turkish Acad Sci.
415-422
03 - 09 July, 2023
website
9039
coal, energy, decarbonization, energy crisis, energy transition