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Title: A PARALLEL BETWEEN THE TYPES OF PROTECTION FLAMEPROOF ENCLOSURE “d” AND INCREASED SAFETY “e” IN THE CONTEXT OF HYDROGEN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES
A PARALLEL BETWEEN THE TYPES OF PROTECTION FLAMEPROOF ENCLOSURE “d” AND INCREASED SAFETY “e” IN THE CONTEXT OF HYDROGEN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES

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Lucian Moldovan; Mihai Magyari; Clementina Moldovan; Sorin Zsido
10.5593/sgem2023/1.1/s06.75
10.5593/sgem2023/1.1
1314-2704
978-619-7603-56-9
English
23
1.1
•    Prof. DSc. Oleksandr Trofymchuk, UKRAINE 
•    Prof. Dr. hab. oec. Baiba Rivza, LATVIA
Oil and Gas Exploration
A type of protection represents specific measures applied to equipment to avoid ignition of a surrounding explosive atmosphere.
Flameproof enclosure “d” consists in placing the parts that could ignite an explosive atmosphere inside of an enclosure that can withstand the pressure developed during an internal explosion of an explosive mixture and which prevents the explosion transmission to the explosive atmosphere surrounding the enclosure.
Increased safety “e” represents a type of protection that consists in applying additional measures to give increased security against the possibility of excessive temperatures and against the occurrence of arcs and sparks.
The purpose of the paper is to consider some specific issues related to the design of an explosion-proof equipment (to choose the adequate type of protection flameproof enclosure or increased safety when these can be applied for the same equipment) and selection of the proper equipment and type of protection in the design phase of an installation, because sometimes, in practice, the designer of an installation must indicate the equipment parameters (including the type of protection).
The method to address the identified issues is to analyze and compare some specific requirements of the two types of protection (level of protection, tests in explosive mixtures, group classification, applicability to equipment and maximum surface temperature), considering also the hydrogen-air explosive atmospheres.
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[2] McMillan A., Electrical Installations in Hazardous Areas, Butterworth-Heinemann Publishing House, Great Britain, 1998
[3] Moldovan L., Burian S., Magyari M., Fotau D., Rad M., Aspects on testing electrical equipment with type of protection flameproof enclosure “d”, Proceedings of the 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference (SGEM), Science and Technology in Geology, Oil and Gas Exploration, Bulgaria, Issue 1.2, Vol 19, pp 663- 670, 2019
[4] ***, SR EN IEC 60079-0, Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: Equipment – General requirements, ASRO, 2018
[5] ***, SR EN 1127-1, Explosive atmospheres. Explosion prevention and protection Basic concepts and methodology, ASRO, 2019
[6] ***, SR EN 60079-1, Explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Equipment protection by flameproof enclosures "d", ASRO, 2015
[7] ***, SR EN 60079-7, Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e", ASRO, 2016
[8] ***, SR EN 60079-14, Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Electrical installations design, selection and erection, ASRO, 2014
[9] ***, Directive 2014/34/EU on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres (recast), Official Journal of the European Union, no.96, 2014
[10] ***, SR EN ISO/IEC 80079-20-1:2020, Explosive atmospheres — Part 20-1: Material characteristics for gas and vapour classification — Test methods and data, ASRO, 2020
This work was carried out through the “Nucleu” program of the National Research, Development and Innovation Plan 2022-2027, supported by MCID, project no. PN23320102.
conference
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/1.1/s06.75
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Proceedings of 23rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2023
23rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2023, 03 - 09 July, 2023
Proceedings Paper
STEF92 Technology
International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference-SGEM
SWS Scholarly Society; Acad Sci Czech Republ; Latvian Acad Sci; Polish Acad Sci; Russian Acad Sci; Serbian Acad Sci and Arts; Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Natl Acad Sci Armenia; Sci Council Japan; European Acad Sci, Arts and Letters; Acad Fine Arts Zagreb Croatia; Croatian Acad Sci and Arts; Acad Sci Moldova; Montenegrin Acad Sci and Arts; Georgian Acad Sci; Acad Fine Arts and Design Bratislava; Russian Acad Arts; Turkish Acad Sci.
627-634
03 - 09 July, 2023
website
9064
explosive atmospheres, type of protection, flameproof enclosure, increased safety