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Title: THE IMPORTANCE OF CROPS AND CROP RESIDUES IN PREVENTING THE SOIL LOSS BY WATER EROSION OUT OF THE VEGETATION SEASON
THE IMPORTANCE OF CROPS AND CROP RESIDUES IN PREVENTING THE SOIL LOSS BY WATER EROSION OUT OF THE VEGETATION SEASON

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Elena Ayd?n; Viktor Dozsa
10.5593/sgem2023/3.1/s13.36
10.5593/sgem2023/3.1
1314-2704
978-619-7603-58-3
English
23
3.1
•    Prof. DSc. Oleksandr Trofymchuk, UKRAINE 
•    Prof. Dr. hab. oec. Baiba Rivza, LATVIA
Soils
Water erosion is one form of physical soil degradation. As a result of climate change, global warming and changes in the distribution of atmospheric precipitation are also taking place in Slovakia. In the southern, warmer regions, snowfall decreases during the winter at the expense of rain precipitation. During the winter period outside the main crop growing season, arable land is often without a vegetation cover to protect the soil structure from the action of the kinetic energy of falling rain. For this reason, the need to protect the soil surface from the erosive effect of water also comes to the fore during the winter season. This study presents the results of rain simulations using the Eijkelkamp rainfall simulator on arable land in the Nitra-Drazovce area in Slovakia in March 2017, specifically focusing on medium-textured soil. The simulations compared two soil cover types: bare soil without crop residues and soil with 40% of cover consisting of previous crop residues (spring barley) among which winter wheat was grown in narrow rows. During each simulation, the surface runoff was collected in the numbered collectors. In the laboratory, we calculated the height of the surface runoff and after filtering the detached soil we also determined the amount of soil loss. The differences between the observed values were tested for statistical significance by one-way Anova and Tukey HSD test. The results indicated that while there were no significant differences in surface runoff height, soil loss was 50% lower in plots with soil cover compared to bare soil. The presence of soil cover significantly reduced the detachment and transport of soil. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining high-quality soil cover throughout the year to combat water erosion and preserve soil productivity.
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This research was funded by the Scientific Grant Agency, grant number VEGA 1/0747/20. Furthermore, this publication is the result of the project implementation: „Scientific support of climate change adaptation in agriculture and mitigation of soil degradation” (ITMS2014+ 313011W580) and “Sustainable smart farming systems, taking into account the future challenges 313011W112”, both supported by the Integrated Infrastructure Operational Programme and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.
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https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/3.1/s13.36
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Proceedings of 23rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2023
23rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2023, 03 - 09 July, 2023
Proceedings Paper
STEF92 Technology
International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM
SWS Scholarly Society; Acad Sci Czech Republ; Latvian Acad Sci; Polish Acad Sci; Russian Acad Sci; Serbian Acad Sci and Arts; Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Natl Acad Sci Armenia; Sci Council Japan; European Acad Sci, Arts and Letters; Acad Fine Arts Zagreb Croatia; Croatian Acad Sci and Arts; Acad Sci Moldova; Montenegrin Acad Sci and Arts; Georgian Acad Sci; Acad Fine Arts and Design Bratislava; Russian Acad Arts; Turkish Acad Sci.
295-302
03 - 09 July, 2023
website
9159
surface runoff, soil loss, surface cover, rainfall simulation, erosion control