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CALLUS CULTURES OF THE FAR EASTERN AND SIBERIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS AS A PROMISING RAW MATERIAL FOR MEDICINE AND FOOD INDUSTRY
Abstract
In Siberia and the Far East (Asian part of Russia), regions with special climatic condi-tions, 99 species of plants are described that are pharmacopoeial and some of them are official, that is, plants that are raw materials for the production of medicines. However, not all medicinal pharmacopeia plants growing on the territory of Russia are protected, so the number of such species may soon be in jeopardy. The prospects of using medici-nal plants of the Siberian and Far Eastern regions by the example of Amur maackia (Maackia amurensis Rupr.) and Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) to obtain callus cell cultures in vitro for the accumulation of biologically active substances (BAS) are shown. The sterile 14-day-old sprouts of Amur maackia and hyssop were growth on media with the mineral base such as MS and Gamborg (B5) and several media options, which were differ in mineral base, vitamin composition and growth regulators. Under the selected cultivation conditions ? darkness, temperature 24 ± 1°?, rela-tive air humidity 60?70%, the optimal nutrient media for growing callus cultures of Amur maackia were B5-1 (Gamborg's B-5, 0.5 mg L-1 BAP, 2 mg L-1 2.4-D) and B5-3 (Gamborg's B-5, 1 mg L- 1 BAP, 2 mg L-1 IAA), and for hyssop - MS-2 medium (2 mg L-1 kinetin and 3 mg L-1 NAA) and B5-2 (Gamborg's B-5, 2 mg L-1 kinetin and 3 mgL-1 NAA). The maximum growth index of callus Amur maackia was observed on MS-3medium and amounted to 2.07; for Hyssop, the maximum growth index, which was12.48, was established on B5-2 medium.
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