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ENSURING THE THERMAL REGIME OF THE ROCK MASS DURING CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND MINE EXCAVATIONS IN THE ARCTIC CONDITIONS
Abstract
The work is aimed at creating methodological provisions to substantiate the safe parameters of the thermal regime in permafrost rocks when constructing underground mine excavations in the Arctic region. An idea is to control the thermal regime by creating mathematical models, taking into account the main technological operations during excavations driving. The paper presents the results of experimental studies and evaluates the thermal impact of various technological processes during the construction of mine excavations in the permafrost zone at low positive temperatures. The authors have considered the tasks of determining the parameters of the temperature field around the mine excavations, taking into account the dynamics of changes in its length during driving. The authors have developed the mathematical models and the equation of energy transfer processes in porous medium by conduction and convection methods, proportional to the content of solid and liquid parts in the medium according to the porosity of the medium. The authors have used the ANSYS Fluent software package to carry out numerical experiments on assessing the influence of energy release sources from various technological processes on the formation of the temperature field in the permafrost rock massif during driving operations. To account for the factors of thermal influence, the authors have considered drilling and blasting operations, rock removal; temporary fixing with shotcrete, as well as the heat release of self-propelled equipment and miners engaged in the main production operations. The results of numerical experiments have allowed preliminarily determining the patterns of the rock mass thawing during driving and formulating the recommendations to reduce the thermal impact of the main production processes on the permafrost rock mass. The analysis of the computational experiments on the modeling of thermal processes as in rocks as porous media with a phase transition allowed authors to determine the parameters of the protective support and justify the time factor during which it appears possible to carry out construction work without the use of special measures to prevent their defrosting. This makes it possible to exclude or limit the thawing area of the rock mass for a sufficiently long time, during which the mining systems of thermal regime regulation can be implemented.
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