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BIOFUNCTIONALIZED IRON OXIDE (II, III) NANOPARTICLES AS DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases affect approximately 5% of the population worldwide. Generally, these disorders induce high degree of morbidity and disability and therefore, they have a significant social and economic impact. The precise diagnosis of specific autoimmune response is necessary for adequate treatment of the patient. Accordingly, the diagnostic assays for autoimmune diseases are continuously developing and improving. Biofunctionalized nanoparticles represent a promising novel approach in this field. Our group has developed a mechanism for efficient biofunctionalization of iron oxide (II, III) nanoparticles (ION) with molecules used for detection of biomarkers specific for rheumatoid arthritis. Purified biofunctionalized ION were tested with serum samples from healthy individuals, patients with rheumatoid arthritis and patients with another autoimmune disorder. We were able to detect rheumatoid arthritis-specific biomarkers using biofunctionalized ION. The efficiency of the nanoparticle-based assay was similar to the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results provide a basis for development of new utility models for rapid and sensitive diagnostic assays for autoimmune diseases.
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