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FLOOD SEASONALITY AND TREND CHANGES IN SELECTED SLOVAKIAN BASINS
Abstract
Floods are natural catastrophes which cause environmental and structural damages as also casualties. There is growing concern that flooding is becoming more frequent and severe not only in Europe but also in the whole world. This study investigates changes in trends and seasonality of annual peak-discharges for 51 mid-sized Slovakian gauging stations with the lengths of observations of 46 years. The area of selected catchments varies from 19 km2 to 295 km2. Seasonality of maximum annual peak-discharges is determinated by circular statistics [1] for whole period of year and also for summer and winter season of year. Trends are assessed using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test [9] [6]. The main aim was to better understand the flood-producing processes and the identification of significant upward or downward trends and their changes at selected stations. The detection of changes of flood seasonality and trends is important due to the future safety evaluation of designed water structures levees, dams, reservoirs, etc. According to results, flood seasonality is influenced mainly by mean basin elevation and basin slope for selected gauging stations. Area of watersheds does not influence seasonality for selected gauging stations. The results of trend show significant downward trend for selected gauging stations located in the Upper VпїЅh region, SlanпїЅ River region and Little Carpathian region.
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