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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF PRECIPITATIONS AND WIND DIRECTION AT BULGARIAN COASTAL SITE
Abstract
Precipitation chemistry has been intensively studied worldwide mainly due to acid deposition, eutrophication, trace metal deposition, damages to forests and vegetation, ecosystem health, and global climate change [1]. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between precipitation pH and wind direction for the period of five years (2015-2019) at coast Hydrometeorology station Ahtopol. The pH of bulk precipitation samples, as well as the wind direction are measured in the main synoptic terms (00, 06, 12, 18 UTC). The frequency analysis for pH data showed that 79% are in the acidic range, 14% are weakly acidic and only 3% is neutral and alkaline. The analysis of wind direction in the precipitation cases indicates that 60% of wind directions are from N, NW, NE; 32% are from SW,SE, W, E and 8% of precipitation cases are during wind speed less 0.3 m/s. The acidification potential of precipitation is usually due to the presence of H2SO4, HNO3 and organic acids [2, 3], and the neutralization of these species occurs in the presence of NH3 and CaCO3. Therefore, daily wet only precipitation samples were collected for chemical analysis for selected period in 2017. Those samples are analyzed immediately for acidity (pH) and conductivity (EC) and further for main anions and cations (Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, Si, Zn). Mean concentration of analyzed elements in precipitation samples followed the order: Cl-> Na > SO42- > NO3- >Ca > K ~ Mg > NH4+ > Zn > Si > Fe > Cu. For selected periods with elevated concentrations of specific ions, the effect of wind direction, and long-range transport processes are presented and discussed.
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