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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FACILITIES FOR PROTECTION OF HYDROSYSTEMS FROM FLOATING CONTAMINANTS

Yulia Kuznetsova

Abstract

Based on the analysis of contamination of hydrosystem headraces with floating materials, we developed a system of protective facilities, including protective booms, abutments and bottom mats, guiding booms. To justify the operation of the developed facilities, automated calculations of the listed guiding and retaining facilities were performed. The main attention was paid to the experimental study of the facilities. As a result of the experimental studies, we determined values of forces in a ground sill, depending on the mass of the jam formed by floating contaminants and on the surface flow velocity. The experiments were performed in a hydraulic flume on the model at a scale of 1:100. An electronic dynamometer was used to measure the forces in the ground sill. Readings of the dynamometer were previously checked for representativeness, accuracy, reliability, homogeneity, variability and distribution. The flow velocity was measured using a hydrometric propeller, and the jam mass was measured by the weighing method. While processing the measurement results, we calculated a sample variance, standard deviation, mean error, allowable deviation and relative error of measurement series. The reproducibility of data was checked by the Cochran criterion before selecting regression equations. The regression relations constructed in the CurveExpert software environment allowed establishing the dependence of the force in the ground sill on the jam mass at different flow velocities. A correlation coefficient and a mean error were determined. The calculated characteristics showed a good convergence of the measurement results and the theoretical model. For the whole experiment, an average variance and a statistical Fisher's fitting criterion were established. It was proved that the model was adequate and described the process under study with a confidence probability of 95%. As a result of the experimental studies, we established parameters of the protective boom for effective retention of floating contaminants.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019v/1.4/s02.024

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