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TURNING RUSSIAN GAS REFINERIES TO BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES AND INTEGRATED PERMITS
Abstract
New Russian environmental legislation categorises oil and gas refineries as installations obliged to implement Best Available Techniques (BAT) and obtain Integrated Environmental (IEP). This new legislation is similar to the Industrial Emissions Directive setting conditions to European installations. Russian Information and Technical Reference Books on Best Available Techniques (ITRB) have been developed since 2015, and ITRB for Gas Refineries have been worked out by technologists, environmentalists and industrial practitioners (members of Technical Working Group 50) in 2017. Russian ITRB covers manufacturing of the following products: liquified hydrocarbon gases, light hydrocarbons, dry gas, ethane gas fraction, propane, butane, pentane, gasoline and motor fuels (produced from natural gas), and other hydrocarbons produced from natural and associated gas; Helium, technical Carbon and Sulphur. Technological parameters of BATs characteristic for Russian gas refineries have been identified as the result of thorough benchmarking; 29 installations submitted their consumption and emission data as well as descriptions of technological, technical and managerial solutions implemented to optimise resource (first of all пїЅ energy) efficiency and environmental performance. Materials of the European Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Refining of Mineral Oil and Gas (2009) have also been taken into account. Technical Working Group 50 (TWG) identified 16 BATs for the extraction of heavy hydrocarbons, for low temperature condensation and rectification, for applying sorption techniques while extracting heavy hydrocarbons, for producing wide spectrum of light hydrocarbons, for gas rectification installations, for producing liquified hydrocarbons, for stabilising condensates (including Sulphur containing condensates), for the production of Helium and technical Carbon from natural gas and gas condensate, for producing gaseous Sulphur and treating stack gases formed in this process, for producing crush Sulphur. Since 2019, gas refineries will be obtaining IEPs containing BAT Associated Emission Limit Values (BAT-AEL). BAT-AELs will be compulsory to comply with, and it is expected that at least 15-20% of sector installations will work hard to meet new targets and enhance their environmental performance.
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