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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF N FERTILIZATION AND CONSEQUENT CHANGES IN SOIL REACTION AND POSSIBLE EFFECTS DURING UPTAKE OF ELEMENTS
Abstract
One of the important factors affecting nutrient uptake by the root system of the plants includes soil reaction. Increased soil acidity may adversely affect the use of biogenic nutrients, such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur and molybdenum. In soil, nutrients are immobilized to insoluble forms. Although their amount in soil may be sufficient, the plants cannot obtain the optimal quantities, causing a decrease in the yield or production quality. On the other hand, in the metabolism of plants, acidic soils increase acceptability of indispensable biogenic metals (iron, manganese, boron, zinc and copper), and also labile forms of heterogeneous elements (aluminium and a number of heavy metals). Within their increased uptake and accumulation, it represents a risk not only for the plants but also for other parts of the food chain. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of changing pH caused by nitrogen fertilization on nutrient uptake by crops grown in field conditions in locality B?ezovпїЅ nad Svitavou, the Czech Republic. For five years of the experiment, plots were dosed with graded rates of mineral nitrogen in the form of DAM (N0, N25, N50, N100) in combination with compost (K) and lignohumate (C) (N50 + C, N50 + K, N100 + C), where 100% corresponds to a dose of 138 kg N/ha. Exchangeable soil reaction (pH/KCl) was evaluated in the soil. The results show the application of nitrogen increases the acidity of the soil. After the addition of nitrogen, the pH values decreased from 6.3 (N0) to 5.97 (N25), 5.88 (N50) to 5.63 (N100) during the five-year experiment. Application of compost and lignohumate in combination with the mineral fertilizer N decreased soil acidification N50 + C (5.99), N100 + C (6.03) and K + N50 (6.05).
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