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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION COUNTRIES AND REGIONS OF MONGOLIAN CORRIDOR

Svetlana Ayusheeva

Abstract

The study of the ecological and economic aspects of the operation of the Mongolian Corridor as part of the Great Tea Road - one of the major trade routes in the vast territory of the Eurasian continent, and the study of the interaction of cross-border territories are relevant in the context of globalization and the creation of the China-Mongolia-Russia international economic corridor. The peculiarity of using the natural resource potential of the countries and regions of the Mongolian corridor is the poorly diversified structure of the economy and the raw material orientation. In this regard, it is necessary to assess the mutual influence of the economies of the countries and analyze the development strategies of the regions of Russia adjacent to the Mongolian corridor, which determines the relevance of the analysis of the environmental performance of the national economies of the participating countries. The basis of the economy of the Russian regions of the Mongolian corridor is the mining and manufacturing industries - engineering and metalworking, gold mining, coal and uranium, the building materials industry, the timber industry, electrical equipment manufacturing, and the food and light industries. The development of the economy of Mongolia is provided by the mining industry (copper, molybdenum, coal, iron ore, gold, uranium), whose share is 30-35% in the structure of Mongolia?s GDP. Until 2010, the secondary industry (manufacturing industry and construction) prevailed in the structure of the GRP of Inner Mongolia (PRC), but in recent years there has been a noticeable decrease in its share, a decrease in the share of natural resource extraction and an increase in the role of the wholesale and retail trade, hotel and restaurant services, financial intermediation. The region has sharply increased the production of the main types of the metallurgical industry: steel, rolled metal, iron, and also construction products. The export-raw economic growth of the Mongolian corridor countries, associated with an increase in pollution and environmental degradation, an imbalance in the biosphere, leads to a deterioration in human health and limits the possibilities for further human development.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/5.3/s21.016

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