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SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF ROCK JOINTS WITH SURFACE ROUGHNESS UNDER CONSTANT NORMAL STIFFNESS
Abstract
The test-measuring complex was created to study deformation and strength properties of rock samples with joints under direct shear conditions, under two types of boundary conditions: constant normal load (CNL) and constant normal stiffness (CNS). The updated version of the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) ASTM D 5607-08 standard was taken as the basis of the laboratory method for determining the shear strength of rock joints. Tests were performed on samples with joints from artificial geomaterial ? concrete ? sand mixture under shear loading with the boundary condition CNS; the values of normal compressive load were 0.5 MPa; 0.9 MPa; 1.2 MPa. Joints had triangular profile of surface roughness: h = 4mm, 8mm, 10mm, the angle of surface profile was 45 degrees. The regularities of the process of shear deformation of joints are determined depending on the roughness value and the level of normal stress. The process of shear deformation of joints can be divided into 3 stages: Stage 1 ? practically linear ?shear stress ? shear displacement? dependence is observed for small values of shear displacement (1?1.5 mm); Stage 2 ? the nonlinear shear stress ? shear displacement? dependence (at higher shear displacements up to 1.5?2mm); Stage 3 ? shear stress reaches the ?peak? value, in some cases, residual strength stage is observed (at shear deformations of more than 2?3 mm). Empirical dependences of the ultimate shear stress on the normal stress are constructed for different values of roughness h. Analysis of this curves revealed that the magnitude of cohesion increases almost linearly with increasing roughness value h.
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