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ANALYSIS OF THE FLOODS RISK AGRICULTURALS ENCLOSURES FROM THE DANUBE DELTA USING 2D MODELING. CASE STUDY PARDINA ENCLOSURE

Alexandru Alexandru

Abstract

The floods are common phenomena in the Danube Delta that covers major land areas. The Danube by its nature brings every year from upstream to downstream significant quantities of water. Furthermore, at different times of the year the river can cause significant floods on the urban and rural settlements along its course and can act as a huge pressure on the dams belonging to the Danube Delta agricultural enclosures. The pressure is generally given by the flash floods which is a phenomenon of rapid increase and decrease of the debits and the levels of the watercourse during a period of time. The agricultural enclosures in the Delta were protected in the past with flood protection dams. Over the time, in some sections of the dams, there are phenomena of settlement that weaken their resistance under the pressure exercised by the strong flash floods on the Danube. From this perspective the target area of this study is the Pardina agricultural enclosure - Figure 1, which is the largest enclosure having also the largest agricultural area in the Danube Delta. The agricultural enclosure is surrounded by a protective dam. Thus, the present work analyzes a hypothesis in which the protective dam failed due to the flash flood pressures and the enclosure is gradually flooded with water. For this, all the useful information in this field has been processed using GIS (Geographic Information System) specialized programs and the HEC-RAS hydraulic modeling program. The results are displayed in the form of flood hazard maps being presented the situations of the area from several points of view. The Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for the Pardina area is the database with the most land information and with the help of it, we can build a picture as close as possible to the reality of the expected scenarios. Furthermore, the flood hazard maps are largely important to local authorities because they provide information on the extent of the flooded areas, the depth of the water for a flash flood that can occur over a certain period of time. World practice has shown that the occurrence of floods can not be avoided, but they can be managed. Their effects can be reduced by a systematic process that leads to a series of measures and actions designed to help in reduceing the risks associated with these phenomena.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/s12.005

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