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RELATIONSHIP AMONG STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES AND APPEARANCE OF SINTERED GLASS-CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES FROM HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIAL WASTES
Abstract
The largest manufactures of glass-ceramics in the last decades are related to the luxurious Japanese tiling material “Neoparies" and its replicas, developed in China. These marble-like materials are produced by sintering and surface crystallization of glass grains (frit) with original composition, placed in large refractory moulds (up to 1-2 m2) and the subsequent grinding and polishing of final panels in use. Since these products are manufactured in high volumes, the technology seems to be very appropriate for synthesis of tiling materials using frits from different vitrified industrial wastes. In addition, due to the immobilization of heavy metals from the waste into the stable glass structure, this approach is also very suitable for the inertization of harmful industrial wastes. Here are presented some examples, studied by the authors, about sintered glass-ceramics with an attractive appearance obtained by glass frits, based on fly ashes from municipal incinerator, blast furnace slag and residues from Zn and Cu productions. The possibility to produce composites with addition of crushed ceramics rejects in the main frit is also demonstrated and discussed. The sintering and the crystallization are elucidated by DTA and XRD, while the structure of specimens is observed with optical microscopy. Special attention is paid on the distribution of residual porosity and the pore size and shape; these results are obtained by detailed scanning with X-Ray Micro Computed Tomography. Then the effect of particles size or the simultaneous usage of various fractions on the appearance of final materials and on their mechanical and thermal properties are discussed in details. The studied samples are characterized with both high chemical durability and mechanical properties, which significantly surpasses the characteristics of natural stones and traditional tiling ceramics.
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References4
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