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DEVELOPMENT OF THE ZEPHYR AGH PNEUMATIC-ELECTRIC HYBRID VEHICLE WITH A FOCUS ON DRIVING UNIT SELECTION
Abstract
Zephyr AGH represents an attempt to address the need for low-emission transportation. In its initial iteration, it was a race vehicle powered by compressed air. Currently, the project is being developed with a focus on maximizing its utility, particularly in urban traffic conditions. Due to the low energy density of compressed air, it is not a sufficient standalone energy carrier for individual transportation. To maintain the low-emission profile of the vehicle, the design team decided to integrate electric motors as additional power units for the Zephyr. The primary objective of the project is to investigate the effects of combining pneumatic and electric propulsion systems, as well as to identify the challenges that must be overcome to implement such a hybrid solution. Project goals have been defined, and calculations were carried out to determine the required power output, wheel torque, and overall energy demand of the vehicle. Various electric motor designs were analyzed in terms of their power-to-weight ratio, performance characteristics, dimensions, shape, cooling and regulation methods. Based on market analysis and the results of these calculations, the most suitable drive units were selected to meet the desired performance criteria. The next iteration of Zephyr AGH is currently in the design phase. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first attempt to construct a pneumatic-electric hybrid vehicle in Europe. Identifying both the opportunities presented by this innovative solution and the challenges that must be addressed is a critical step toward advancing low-emission personal transportation.
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