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GEOECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF FLOW FORMATION IN THE WHITE SEA WATER AREA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KOSTOMUKSHA ORE CLUSTER)
Abstract
This work provides justification of the opinion that over the past historic periods natural resource management did not cause serious damage to the environment. The recent epoch differs from the previous ones in a large set of natural resource management types and inter se in the presence of environmental management systems to transform the landscape sphere. In particular, the article examines the mining complex impact on the structure of natural (landscape; hydro-geological; environmental) resources. The purpose of the work was to analyse the role of the anthropogenic factor in the impact of continental runoff and the change in the chemical quality of the sea shelf waters. During deposits development movable rock masses are dumped into disposal areas while refuse ores accumulating in tailings pits. The new landscape conditions to have been emerged impact on natural aquatic ecosystems. This is manifested in decreased water in the quarries of the Kostomuksha ore cluster, in mixed surface and ground water. A change in the hydrodynamic conditions causes the transformation of hydrochemical composition of river and lake ecosystems; increased content of dissolved chemical components; river bed load to enter the western part of the Arctic seawaters of the main drainage area - the White Sea. Thus, there is a geo-technical system being formed, and it goes beyond the scope of land-use management of the mining enterprise as such and involves ecosystems of various hierarchical levels with diverse energy and material flows. As a result, we have identified and characterized a regional geo-ecological problem to have impacted the entire northern and central parts of Karelia in combination with the adjacent seawater areas.
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