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EMERGENCY COOLING SYSTEM FOR WATER-COOLED REACTORS
Abstract
Considered here is the problem of cooling water-cooled reactors in an emergency, including in emergencies involving a blackout. This problem has become particularly important after the events that occurred at the Japanese nuclear power plant, ?Fukushima-1.? Here we present a new emergency reactor-cooling system developed at the Department of Energy Problems at the Saratov Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences. We propose a new way to provide redundant, auxiliary power for nuclear power plants (NPPs) through the addition of a low-power steam turbine generator. The working fluid of this turbine is steam generated by the residual heat of the reactor during an emergency. During normal operation, this steam turbine generator is used to produce additional power and is used as a spinning reserve. This system reduces the intensity of damage to the reactor core as compared with a more expensive passive heat-removal system. Simultaneous cooling of several reactors within 72 hours may be provided by using the accumulated hydrogen and oxygen.
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