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DISTRIBUTION AND POLLUTION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN JELGAVA URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Abstract
Increasing the number of cars in urban areas and the development of a variety of production technologies involving the use of fossil fuels in the urban environment are leading to a significant increase in air pollution. As air pollution with heavy metals and other chemical elements increases, air quality is deteriorating. Poor air quality, in turn, causes a number of different problems for human health, causes poor feeling and reduces life quality in total. The method of analysis of snow samples is one of the methods for monitoring air pollution. Using this method, it is possible to detect air pollution with a variety of chemical elements, including heavy metals. The aim of this research is to identify of air pollution distribution intensity for 2019 in Jelgava city urban area. The study collected 180 samples, 60 different sites. Three samples were collected in each of the sites selected. Fifty nine sampling sites were located in Jelgava and 1 outside it in Mezciems (representing a natural environment without pollution sources) so that the data can be compared. The volume of each sample collected reaches 1.0 to 1.5 kilograms of snow. To determine the degree of contamination of heavy metals, 180 samples of molten snow were acidified along with dust, then filtered out. In conclusion, the concentration of chemical elements in snow water was determined using an induction coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP-OES). The following metals were analysed at work: aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), silicon (Si), strontium (Sr), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn). The study used a hierarchical cluster analysis method for data processing to analyse the concentrations of heavy metals identified in the samples and their relationships. In the Jelgava city urban area are identified four air pollution groups.
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