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THE POSSIBLE INFLUENCE OF THE DAM BREACH OF THE KAKHOVSKE RESERVOIR ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SHORES OF THE DNIPROVSKO-BUZKY LIMAN
Abstract
The Dniprovsko-Buzky liman is a semi-enclosed water body located in the lower part of the mouth area (estuary) of the Dnipro and the Pivdennyy Bug. The studied liman is located within a tectonic depression that is characterized by asymmetric slopes. The northern slope of the depression is steeper and characterized by a predominance of positive tectonic movements. The southern slope is very gentle, and negative tectonic movements take place within it. The specified tectonic conditions determine the lithological, morphological, and dynamic diversity of the shores within the limans. From November 2022 to June 2023, there was an uncontrolled discharge of water from the Kakhovske reservoir into the water area of the lower Dnipro. The corresponding situation led to a sufficiently high level of water surface within the liman, which significantly increased the risks of the manifestation of dangerous geological processes in the coastal zone. The catastrophic events of June 6, 2023, fundamentally changed the situation in the development of the coastal zone of the Dniprovsko-Buzky Liman. The flow of water formed as a result of the breach reached the liman a day later and, according to preliminary estimates, caused the water level in the region to rise by 1 m. The fundamental difference in the structure of the shores of the Dniprovsko-Buzky liman leads to significant differences in the activation of coastal processes. Along the northern coast, when the level rises, abrasion and landslide processes become more active; along the southern coast, the rise in water level leads to inundation of the area, partial erosion, and significant infiltration and inundation. It is worth noting that the activation of dangerous processes in the coastal zone can occur both directly during the rise of the water level and at the stage of lowering the water surface level. Our study is the first attempt to assess the risks of the manifestation of dangerous geological phenomena in the coastal zone of the Dniprovsko-Buzky liman after the catastrophic events of June 6, 2023.
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