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VOLCANOTECTONIC STRUCTURES AND LINEAMENT PRELIMINARY IDENTIFICATION RESULTING FROM THE APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS IN BOLNISI ORE DISTRICT, GEORGIA
Abstract
The Bolnisi Ore District (Georgia), situated within the Tethyan-Eurasian metallogenic belt, embodies a multifaceted geological milieu marked by the intricate interplay of volcanic and tectonic processes, predominantly delineated by Late Cretaceous volcanic and sedimentary sequences entrenched between the Khrami and Loki Variscan crystalline massifs. Noteworthy for its rich mineral endowment, the Bolnisi Ore District harbors a plethora of ore deposits, with several operational mining sites situated within its bounds. This preliminary research aimed mainly by means of the remote sensing to investigate linear, curvilinear, arcuate, and circular features within the Bolnisi Ore District, Georgia, with the objective of enhancing exploration potential. Understanding the relationship between lineament intersections and caldera features is of particular interest due to their association with potential mineral occurrences. In this study, lineaments, curvilinear, arcuate, and circular features were delineated manually utilizing directional filters applied to satellite imagery. We obtained suitable satellite imagery along with high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). Subsequently, GIS analysis was conducted, incorporating directional filters, geometric and atmospheric correction, and image enhancement techniques to enhance image quality and emphasize lineament features. To validate identified geological structures, a comparative analysis was performed utilizing geological maps, supplemented by partial field observations and a thorough review of existing literature about the study area. After incorporating the reliable geological structures from previous studies, we added the new preliminarily identified structures to the map. Additionally, the structures were cross-referenced with known volcanic features and geological interpretations to reinforce the findings.
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