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THE ISSUE OF THE IMPACT SPOTS ON BELT CONVEYORS

Tomáš Hapla, Pavel Novák, Ladislav Kovář

Abstract

Belt conveyors constitute an important part of the machinery for the underground and surface mining of materials. In the course of time, conveyor belts proved to be the most efficient way of transporting material, which is still valid not only in the mining industry. For the transport of rocks to a mine disposal site, a combination of multiple belt conveyors is necessary. Places of transfer belong to the most stressed parts and there are frequent breakdowns. They operate in difficult conditions and are subject to high impacts of strain. The impact bench is often subjected to the opposing requirements. Designers make attempts to meet the maximum of these requirements when designing new types of such benches. For the proper operation of any conveyor belt, it is necessary to solve issues with the impact of materials on the belt. The material transported from one conveyor to another is problematic mainly when there are large pieces with relatively sharp edges in combination with a drop height of fall and an inappropriate angle of impact. Furthermore, engineers lay emphasis on the best moderation of the impact energy produced by this material, so that the impact effects are not transmitted to the supporting frame of the conveyor. In this way dynamic stress is limited. During their transport, especially in the places of pouring these materials, where the material is crushed due to a large impact height, a large amount of dust is generated. Many technical solutions can be used to eliminate dust on conveyor belts, for which the common solution is the use of variously shaped covers for the transfer points. Different types of impact beds can also be used, with the impact part designed to lower the amount of crushed coal and allowing for the use of vertical side seals. The aim of this article is to point out the possibility of reducing damage to the conveyor belts in these places through the use of impact benches. Depending on the type of the impact bench there is also a change of dustiness during pouring and a different distribution of the material on the conveyor belt.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2021/1.1/s03.061

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