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PROBLEMS OF RATIONAL USE AND PROTECTION OF GROUNDWATER WITHIN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Abstract
Temporary condition of water resources in the world, the prospects for their security of countries are a matter concern. The world situation with water resource is clearly not satisfactory and remains disturbing in general. In many regions there is co-quantitative depletion of water resources, their deficit becomes increasingly stressful. It is given the modern availability of fresh water in Europe. Russia occupies a leading position according to the total volume of freshwater. However, it is experienced a significant water shortage in a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation due to uneven distribution of groundwater resources. Environmental threat is the deterioration and contamination of groundwater under the influence of anthropogenic load. It is recorded about 6 thousand sites of technogenic pollution of groundwater in the country. Also there are about 500 water intakes with constant or episodic pollution of groundwater. Mainly, pollution is evident in urban and industrial agglomerations making it impossible to supply consumers with water of required quality. In accordance with the basic principles of state policy in the field of use and protection of water objects, we have identified the activities that ensure rational use, restoration and protection of groundwater resources.
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