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INFLUENCE OF SEVERAL TECHNOLOGICAL LINKS APPLIED IN THE ECOLOGICAL AND CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM ON THE QUALITY OF GRAPES PRODUCTION
Abstract
The researches were carried out in two vineyards grown with the Feteasca neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties, with two experimental factors: the soil maintenance system (black furrow, total mulching with straws, partial mulching with marc compost, permanent herbage with grasses spontaneous flora) and the system for the control of pests and diseases (ecologically and conventional). The experimental results obtained showed that under the ecoclimatic conditions specific to 2017 year, characterized by a high heliothermic regime of low water resources, the experimental technological variants had a different impact on the quality of the grape production, expressed by the sugar content. In the Feteasca neagra variety, the soil maintenance variant by mulching with grape marc and conventional control system with a foliar surface of 6.24 square meters/vine can ensure the maturing of a production of 4.56 kg of grapes, which means that the foliar surface necessary to achieve a grams of matured fruit has a value of 13.68 square centimeters/g, with a sugar content of 235 g/l of must, while in the ecologically control system, the 5.14 square meters/vine can ensure the maturing of 4.12 kg of grapes, the foliar surface required to produce a gram of matured fruit has a value of 12.48 square centimeters/g, at a sugar content of 229.9 g/l of must, values that fall within the optimal limits of vegetative apparatus development and the grape maturation. In the Cabernet Sauvignon variety, the soil-maintenance variant by mulching with grape marc and conventional control system is 3.84 square meters/vine for a production of 3.32 kg of grapes, while the ecologically control system is a foliar surface of 3.24 square meters/vine can ensure the production of 3.10 kg of grapes. For both studied varieties, the use of permanent herbage as a soil maintenance solution has induced a reduction in the productivity of vines and, implicitly, the grape production and its quality.
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