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CATALYSTS BASED ON MESOPOROUS SOLIDS FOR CASCADE REACTIONS IN BIOMASS PROCESSING
Abstract
Mesoporous solids include metal oxides, silica, phosphates and other materials. They may contain various acidic and basic sites which are, in combination with metal nanoparticles, metal atoms, functional groups, etc., could be efficient multifunctional catalysts for cascade reactions. In this shot review, the most important aspects of such catalysts that furnish their catalytic activity and selectivity for cascade reactions in biomass processing discussed. A combination of one metal with another or with metal oxide can lead to an enhancement of redox properties due to a synergetic influence of metals which promotes electron transfer at the interface. The efficiency of such a catalyst significantly depends on the composition and geometry of its surface. Subtle tuning of the energy distribution and electronic structure of the surface could control the activation energy barrier and determine the activity/selectivity of the catalyst. Several approaches have been proposed for targeted modification of the catalyst, involving changes in porosity, variations in support acidity/basicity, and the size of catalytically active metal nanoparticles. The interaction between metals and the functional groups of the support can also lead to improved properties.
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