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NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF WHEAT AND WHITE CLOVER MIXED CULTURE - LYSIMETRIC EXPERIMENT
Abstract
The main goal of the presented research was to compare the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of winter wheat and white clover mixed cropping system (MC) with sole cropping system of winter wheat (SC). The above goal was investigated using lysimetric experiment carried out for two vegetation periods (2012?2014). The experiment consisted of seven variants with different cropping system and level of fertilization: five variants were grown as MC (0 kg N/ha; 112 kg N/ha; 112 kg N/ha + 1.25 L of humic acids/ha; 70 kg N + 0.65 L of humic acids/ha) and two as SC (0 kg and 140 kg N/ha). In both years of the experiment, the Ntot content in grain and straw was measured. Significant (ANOVA; post-hoc Tukey?s HSD test; P = 0.05) influence of MC cultivation and application of nitrogen fertilizers on the total N withdrawal from the soil was found in comparison with control variant. Above all, the measured values of N uptake by winter wheat showed the same level of N withdrawal in the MC system as in sole crops, while MC variants were fertilized by lower doses of N. The NUE parameter was used to assess the efficiency of the N uptake and utilization by SC or MC wheat expressed as yield. The results indicated the NUE parameter is problematic in the assessing of the mixed culture stands. The measured values of NUE indicate the MC can better utilize the applied Nmin in comparison with SC. Therefore, cultivation of MC can be used to reduce Nmin doses which must be applied in the conventional system of winter wheat cultivation.
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