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SOIL COVER PATTERNS WITH VERTIC SOLONETZ AT THE EAST-EUROPEAN PLAIN
Abstract
Vertic Solonetz is a particular soil group with soil profile comprised diagnostic horizons and properties of both Solonetzes in the solum and Vertisols in the subsoil. The aim of project is to study genesis and geography of Vertic Solonetz on the basis of detail soil mapping for key plots from different regions at the East-European Plain: the Oka-Don Lowland, the Kalach Upland, the Northern Caspian Lowland, denudation plains at the Kerch Peninsular. Soil mapping is carried out by using GIS, field morphological description of many soil profiles, GPS determination of their geographical coordinates, remote sensing images. Combination of soil forming factors for Vertic Solonetz comprises shrink-swell clays as a parent material, concave forms of relief, contrast alteration of soil moistening and drying, soluble salts and high alkalinity. Vertic Solonetz occurs in soil cover patterns with different quantity and nature of components. Vertic Solonetz percent within studied key plots varies from 0 to 35% independent on existence or absence of other Vertic or Sodic soils or Vertisols. It is conditioned by diversity of soil forming factors at every key plot. Elementary soil area of Vertic Solonetz varies from several square meters to 5.5 ha. The most frequent size is from 0.1 to 0.8 ha. Form of elementary soil area depends on particular soil forming conditions. It may be homogeneous or perforated; isomorphous, elongated wavy or amoeboid.
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