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THE VARIATION OF GROUNDWATER IN NORTHEASTERN ROMANIAIN THE LAST 3 DECADES -CASE STUDY: MOLDOVA PLAIN-
Abstract
The variation in time and space of the groundwater level is conditioned by the variation of climatic parameters. In the current context in which climate change is characterized by periods of prolonged drought and the distribution of precipitation is of the rainfall type, with large amounts of precipitation in a very short time, the groundwater level has accentuated periods of consumption to the detriment of accumulation episodes. In a first phase, the high values of the temperature superimposed over the periods with reduced precipitation favor the evapotranspiration process, a process that ascensively entails water vapor coming from the groundwater level to saturate the aeration area. Precipitation acts on the amplitude threshold by decreasing it in periods when precipitation is recorded evenly distributed throughout the calendar year. The increase of the amplitude value being the consequence of the uneven precipitation distribution during the year, there are periods with drastic decreases of the groundwater level compensated by the recharging periods. The identification of the periods in which the most important decreases of the phreatic level were registered is made on the basis of a number of 20 drillings from the eastern part of Romania, the analysis period being between 1991 and 2020. The monthly data were analyzed starting from the identification of the values corresponding to the amplitudes that appear between the periods of increase and decrease of the groundwater level. The obtained results emphasize the major role of climatic factors on the temporal variation of the groundwater level, the amplitude values being a direct consequence of the two climatic parameters: atmospheric precipitation and air temperature.
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