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PARAMETERS OF MINERAL METABOLISM IN PLANTS OF THE PLAST REGION (CHELYABINSK OBLAST, RUSSIA)
Abstract
The authors were the first to study the main parameters of the mineral metabolism of plants that grow in the Plast Region of the Chelyabinsk Oblast in biogeocenosis with different technogenic impact. The study included the samples of plants taken from the surface of the Novotroitsk tailing dump of the gold-arsenic deposit and similar samples from the reference areas (>15 km from the technogenic formation). The samples of spring sedge (Carex praecox), feather grass (Stipa pennata), poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) were tested by the method of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to measure the levels of macro and microelements (Ca, P, Sr, I, Se, and Zn). The study of the parameters of mineral metabolism in plants that grow in the Plast Region of the Chelyabinsk Oblast revealed a high degree of inconsistency in the accumulation of mineral elements by the above and underground parts of plants in different conditions. Thus, the expressed accumulation of Ca was revealed in the sprouts of Conium maculatum (5.0 times higher than in plants from the reference areas). The sprouts of Carex praecox contained 37.9 times more I than in the spouts that were sampled in the tailing dump. The levels of I in the sprouts of Stipa pennata were 1.2 higher than in the samples from the tailing dump, and the levels of I in Conium maculatum were 3.7 times lower than in the plants sampled from the tailing dump. It was revealed that the plants that grow on the tailing dump technosol experience a deficit of P, which level is 1.1-7.3 times lower than in plants from the reference areas. The ratio Ca:P is 6.8 in plants that grow in the tailing dump. Microelement deficiency negatively affects the development and viability of plans and decreases their nutritional value. The obtained results confirmed strong species-associated specificity in the content of mineral elements in plants, which also attracted interest to the study of the composition and properties of the local soils.
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