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QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF WATER RESOURCES OF THE SOUTH-WESTERN CRIMEA
Abstract
Crimea is a water-stressed region with intermittent spatial and temporal distribution of water resources. Water demand covers by reservoirs, fields of pumping wells, and taping springs. Groundwater resources of the region are estimated as 1216 thousand m3/d or 0.54 L/sec/km2, in the Crimean Mountains ? 1-2 L/sec/km2, so they are concentrated in a relatively small area. Methods to increase water supply, like conjunctive use of surface and groundwater, managed artificial recharge, seawater desalination, are used in water scarcity countries to augment resources available from the hydrological cycle [2]. These methods are beneficial on a local scale but they don?t meet water demand for the entire peninsula. Sustainable water use is achieved by rational use of surface and groundwater, including detailed investigation of water resources quantity and quality, infrastructure repair, and detection of decentralized water supply systems. Methods increasing available water resources can be applied as additional. The South-Western Crimea is the study area, which comprises a typical artesian basin and the adjacent recharge highland area. The region has specific features, such as significant spring flow, systems of regional faults, large areas with practically impermeable flysch rocks, and submarine discharge. This year, during the low-water period, stream flow measurements and water sampling were carried out. The streamflow rate increases irregularly due to the penetration of different rocks. Segments of streamflow loss and segments of gain one are detected in the area of flysch rocks. Some of the water samples chemical composition indicated complex indeterminate geochemical processes in flysch bedrock. The first results showed indeterminate conditions of surface-groundwater interaction in flysch sediments and need further research.
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References8
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