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THE INFLUENCE OF FERRIC CHLORIDE ON THE ACTIVE SLUDGE WITHIN THE MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS
Abstract
Biological wastewater treatment is part of biotechnology and represents a method by which dissolved organic impurities and colloid suspensions in wastewater are transformed by microorganisms in inoffensive degradation products (carbon dioxide, water, other products) and in new cell mass (biomass). All the biological processes are influenced by temperature, because micro-organisms activity and oxygen solubility depends on it and on pressure, too. The optimal temperature for biological treatment is between 10 and 30oC. Lower temperatures are not necessarily dangerous, but bacterial metabolism is significantly slowed, especially for nitrification and denitrification bacteria. Temperatures above 35oC are also detrimental to bacteria, and they should be avoided. The metabolic rate of any bacteria can be significantly reduced to zero, or accelerated up to three times, depending of species and temperature. A major requirement for an efficient operation is nutrients for bacteria. The ratio between various types of nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus), i.e. their proportion in the wastewater, is crucial for their well-being, but this can also can be changed by adding different substances. This study is focused on monitoring the active physiological state of the existing microorganisms (bacteria), at low temperatures, in the biological reactor, by addition of FeCl3 40%, whose main goal is the reduction of organic and ammonia load. The results are considered over the year 2017 (twelve months), using various amounts of FeCl3. By a thorough monitoring of the plant functioning, the operation parameters have been determined, for the treated water to comply with the actual norms.
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