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INFLUENCE OF PLACEMENT CONDITIONS OF EPIPHYTIC MOSS TRANSPLANTS ON THE CHEMICAL ELEMENTS CONTENT AT BIOMONITORING
Abstract
Mosses have been used for many years as bioindicators in the monitoring of environmental pollution by heavy metals. A meaningful constraint of this method is the lack of the possibility of sampling mosses in urban areas. In this regard, the active biomonitoring method, in which mosses are transplanted in the study area, is actively developed in recent years. However, to date no procedures for moss transplantation have been developed, which make it possible to obtain comparable results about the level of contamination. In this work, the transplantation technique of epiphytic moss Pylaisia polyantha have high accumulative ability is considered. Moss was selected in the forest area from the bark of poplars at an altitude of about 1.5-2 meters from the ground. The site is located at a distance of more than 50 km from an industrial city. The frameworks 20 ? 30 cm were made of selected moss on nylon mesh substrates. The part of the frameworks was hung with a construction stapler to the bark of poplars and birches at altitudes of 0.5 and 1.5 m from 3-4 sides of the tree body in May. These frameworks were collected in October; thus, the exposure time was 19 weeks. Another part of the frameworks was hung in October for a winter period at a height of 1.5 m also on the bark of poplars and birches from different sides of the tree body. In May, the frameworks were collected; the exposure time was 30 weeks. Almost all samples for summer and winter periods (except for 4) have retained their original color, which may indicate the preservation of the vital state of mosses. The chemical elements content was determined by neutron activation analysis at the research reactor TPU and atomic emission spectrometry at the shared knowledge center TPU. The influence of the height and orientation of vertically placed frameworks on the chemical elements content in moss samples of Pylaisia polyantha was studied using nonparametric comparison methods. The effect of seasonal conditions and the tree species on which the frameworks were fastened has also been studied.
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